IELTS Reading: Deep-sea Mining
Deep-sea Mining
A When Professor Mat Upton found that a microbe from a deep-sea sponge was killing pathogenic bugs… (Q20) scientists who view the deep ocean as a prospecting ground for new medicines fear potential will be lost.
B ‘We’re looking at the bioactive potential of marine resources…’ says Upton. remotedly operated vehicles have spotted new species like the ‘Dumbo’ octopus.
C (Q14) The deep sea contains metals… demand for resources such as copper, aluminium, cobalt for electric car batteries is soaring. Mining corporations say it could yield far superior ore with (Q24) little, if any, waste. Most involve using (Q25) converted machinery previously used in terrestrial mining.
D (Q17) environmental and legal groups have urged caution, arguing the global regulatory framework is not yet drafted. (Q19) Hunter and Aguon argue there is a disregard for impacts and marginalisation of indigenous peoples. (Q22) Moon, Mars and Venus have all been mapped in much greater detail than the deep sea.
E (Q16) hydrothermal vents, which are created when seawater meets volcanic magma, have crucial impacts. Scientists like (Q23) Dr Jon Copley say: ‘We don’t want mining on deep sea vents.’
F (Q15) The oceans occupy around 70% of the planet. (Q18) Mike Johnston says it makes sense to explore untapped potential instead of depleting land resources. Hydrothermal vent expert (Q21) Verena Tunnicliffe says mining will be the greatest assault on deep-sea ecosystems.
Questions 14–17: Matching Information
Questions 18–23: Matching People
A. Mat Upton | B. Hunter, Aguon & Singh | C. Jon Copley | D. Mike Johnston | E. Verena Tunnicliffe
Questions 24–26 (One Word Only)
removed without producing much 24.
adapting the 25.
concerned groups believe 26. is necessary.
20 Useful Vocabulary (Deep-sea Mining)
1. Microbe (Noun)
Vi sinh vật, vi khuẩn.
"When Professor Mat Upton found that a microbe from a deep-sea sponge was killing pathogenic bugs..."
2. Pathogenic (Adjective)
Gây bệnh, sinh bệnh.
"...a microbe from a deep-sea sponge was killing pathogenic bugs..."
3. Prospecting (Noun / Verb)
Thăm dò, tìm kiếm (khoáng sản, tài nguyên, hoặc cơ hội mới).
"...scientists who view the deep ocean as a prospecting ground for new medicines..."
4. Bioactive (Adjective)
Có hoạt tính sinh học (có tác động lên cơ thể sống).
"We’re looking at the bioactive potential of marine resources..."
5. Soar (Verb)
Tăng vọt, bay vút lên.
"...demand for resources such as copper, aluminium, cobalt for electric car batteries is soaring."
6. Yield (Verb)
Sản sinh ra, mang lại (kết quả, sản lượng).
"Mining corporations say it could yield far superior ore..."
7. Superior (Adjective)
Vượt trội, có chất lượng cao hơn.
"...it could yield far superior ore with little, if any, waste."
8. Ore (Noun)
Quặng (đá chứa khoáng chất có giá trị).
"...it could yield far superior ore with little, if any, waste."
9. Terrestrial (Adjective)
Thuộc về mặt đất, trên cạn (trái nghĩa với biển/không gian).
"...converted machinery previously used in terrestrial mining."
10. Caution (Noun)
Sự thận trọng, sự cảnh giác.
"...environmental and legal groups have urged caution..."
11. Regulatory (Adjective)
Thuộc về quản lý, quy định, điều chỉnh.
"...arguing the global regulatory framework is not yet drafted."
12. Framework (Noun)
Khuôn khổ, cơ cấu (luật pháp, hệ thống).
"...arguing the global regulatory framework is not yet drafted."
13. Disregard (Noun)
Sự phớt lờ, sự coi thường, không đếm xỉa đến.
"...argue there is a disregard for impacts and marginalisation of indigenous peoples."
14. Marginalisation (Noun)
Sự gạt ra ngoài lề (xã hội), sự coi nhẹ vai trò.
"...argue there is a disregard for impacts and marginalisation of indigenous peoples."
15. Indigenous (Adjective)
Bản địa, thuộc về người bản xứ.
"...disregard for impacts and marginalisation of indigenous peoples."
16. Hydrothermal (Adjective)
Thủy nhiệt (hiện tượng nước nóng từ sâu dưới lòng đất/biển).
"...hydrothermal vents, which are created when seawater meets volcanic magma..."
17. Magma (Noun)
Mắc-ma, dung nham (đá nóng chảy dưới vỏ trái đất).
"...created when seawater meets volcanic magma, have crucial impacts."
18. Untapped (Adjective)
Chưa được khai thác, chưa được sử dụng đến.
"...it makes sense to explore untapped potential instead of depleting land resources."
19. Deplete (Verb)
Làm cạn kiệt, làm suy giảm (tài nguyên, năng lượng).
"...explore untapped potential instead of depleting land resources."
20. Assault (Noun)
Sự tấn công, sự tàn phá nặng nề.
"...mining will be the greatest assault on deep-sea ecosystems."