1. Cấu trúc bị động ở các thì khác nhau

Công thức chung của câu bị động:

• Khẳng định: S + be + V3/ed + (by O)
• Phủ định: S + be + not + V3/ed + (by O)
• Nghi vấn: Be + S + V3/ed + (by O)?

Hiện tại đơn (Present Simple)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + am/is/are + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + am/is/are + not + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Am/Is/Are + S + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The book is read by many people.
  • The car is not washed by him.
  • Is the homework done by you?

Hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present Continuous)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + am/is/are + being + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + am/is/are + not + being + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Am/Is/Are + S + being + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The cake is being baked by her.
  • The project is not being completed by them.
  • Is the house being painted by you?

Hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + have/has + been + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + have/has + not + been + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Have/Has + S + been + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The letter has been sent by John.
  • The task has not been finished by me.
  • Has the report been written by her?

Quá khứ đơn (Past Simple)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + was/were + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + was/were + not + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Was/Were + S + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The cake was made by my mom.
  • The house was not built by them.
  • Was the letter written by you?

Quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Continuous)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + was/were + being + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + was/were + not + being + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Was/Were + S + being + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The car was being repaired by the mechanic.
  • The song was not being sung by her.
  • Was the meal being cooked by him?

Quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + had + been + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + had + not + been + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Had + S + been + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The project had been completed by the team.
  • The cake had not been baked by my sister.
  • Had the work been done by them?

Tương lai đơn (Future Simple)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + will + be + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + will + not + be + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Will + S + be + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The homework will be done by the students.
  • The car will not be washed by him.
  • Will the project be finished by them?

Câu bị động với động từ khuyết thiếu (Modal Verbs)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + modal verb + be + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + modal verb + not + be + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Modal verb + S + be + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The work can be done by her.
  • The task should not be ignored by them.
  • Can the problem be solved by us?

Bài Tập

Bài tập 1: Chuyển các câu chủ động sau thành câu bị động

1. They clean the room every day.
2. She is writing a letter.
3. He has finished the report.
4. They built the house last year.
5. She was cooking dinner.

Bài tập 2: Chọn câu bị động đúng

1. The cake ___ by my mom. (is made / is being made)
2. The homework ___ by the students. (will be done / was being done)
3. The project ___ by the team. (had been completed / has been completing)
4. The task ___ by her. (was not being finished / is not being finished)
5. The work ___ by them. (can be done / be done)

Đáp Án

Đáp án bài tập 1

1. The room is cleaned every day.
2. A letter is being written by her.
3. The report has been finished by him.
4. The house was built last year.
5. Dinner was being cooked by her.

Đáp Án bài tập 2

1. is made
2. will be done
3. had been completed
4. was not being finished
5. can be done

Câu Bị Động (Passive Voice) trong IELTS

1. Cấu trúc bị động ở các thì khác nhau

Công thức chung của câu bị động:

• Khẳng định: S + be + V3/ed + (by O)
• Phủ định: S + be + not + V3/ed + (by O)
• Nghi vấn: Be + S + V3/ed + (by O)?

Hiện tại đơn (Present Simple)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + am/is/are + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + am/is/are + not + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Am/Is/Are + S + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The book is read by many people.
  • The car is not washed by him.
  • Is the homework done by you?

Hiện tại tiếp diễn (Present Continuous)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + am/is/are + being + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + am/is/are + not + being + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Am/Is/Are + S + being + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The cake is being baked by her.
  • The project is not being completed by them.
  • Is the house being painted by you?

Hiện tại hoàn thành (Present Perfect)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + have/has + been + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + have/has + not + been + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Have/Has + S + been + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The letter has been sent by John.
  • The task has not been finished by me.
  • Has the report been written by her?

Quá khứ đơn (Past Simple)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + was/were + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + was/were + not + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Was/Were + S + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The cake was made by my mom.
  • The house was not built by them.
  • Was the letter written by you?

Quá khứ tiếp diễn (Past Continuous)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + was/were + being + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + was/were + not + being + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Was/Were + S + being + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The car was being repaired by the mechanic.
  • The song was not being sung by her.
  • Was the meal being cooked by him?

Quá khứ hoàn thành (Past Perfect)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + had + been + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + had + not + been + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Had + S + been + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The project had been completed by the team.
  • The cake had not been baked by my sister.
  • Had the work been done by them?

Tương lai đơn (Future Simple)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + will + be + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + will + not + be + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Will + S + be + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The homework will be done by the students.
  • The car will not be washed by him.
  • Will the project be finished by them?

Câu bị động với động từ khuyết thiếu (Modal Verbs)

• Công thức:
  • Khẳng định: S + modal verb + be + V3/ed
  • Phủ định: S + modal verb + not + be + V3/ed
  • Nghi vấn: Modal verb + S + be + V3/ed?
• Ví dụ:
  • The work can be done by her.
  • The task should not be ignored by them.
  • Can the problem be solved by us?

Bài Tập

Bài tập 1: Chuyển các câu chủ động sau thành câu bị động

1. They clean the room every day.
2. She is writing a letter.
3. He has finished the report.
4. They built the house last year.
5. She was cooking dinner.

Bài tập 2: Chọn câu bị động đúng

1. The cake ___ by my mom. (is made / is being made)
2. The homework ___ by the students. (will be done / was being done)
3. The project ___ by the team. (had been completed / has been completing)
4. The task ___ by her. (was not being finished / is not being finished)
5. The work ___ by them. (can be done / be done)

Đáp Án

Đáp án bài tập 1

1. The room is cleaned every day.
2. A letter is being written by her.
3. The report has been finished by him.
4. The house was built last year.
5. Dinner was being cooked by her.

Đáp Án bài tập 2

1. is made
2. will be done
3. had been completed
4. was not being finished
5. can be done