Government & Politics

Systems · Legislation · Public Welfare · Diplomacy

💡 Pro Tip: Trong IELTS Writing Task 2, khi bàn về vai trò của nhà nước, hãy sử dụng các thuật ngữ như "allocate resources", "implement policies", hoặc "impose regulations" thay vì dùng các từ đơn giản như "give money" hay "make rules". Di chuột vào các từ in đậm màu cam để xem định nghĩa.

A. Political Systems & Power

The structure of a government determines how a country is run and how power is distributed among its citizens.

Democracy: A system where citizens have the right to vote and elect their leaders.
Politician: A person who is professionally involved in politics.
To elect: The act of choosing a leader by voting. The noun form is an election.
Campaign: An organized effort to win an election.
Monarchy: A system of government headed by a king or queen.

B. Laws, Policies & Administration

A primary function of any government is to maintain order and guide the country's development through rules and systems.

📜 Legislation: The act of making laws, or the laws themselves.
⚙️ To implement: To put a plan or law into action (e.g., The government implemented a new tax policy).
🚫 To ban / prohibit: To legally stop something from happening or being used.
🏗️ Infrastructure: The basic physical systems of a country, such as roads, railways, and hospitals.
💸 To allocate: To distribute money or resources for a specific purpose (e.g., to allocate funds to education).

C. Public Welfare & International Relations

Governments must balance looking after their own citizens (welfare) with managing their relationships with other nations.

Welfare system: Financial support given by the state to citizens in need (e.g., unemployment benefits, healthcare).
Taxation: The system by which a government takes money from people and organizations to pay for public services.
Diplomacy: The skill of managing international relations and making peaceful agreements between countries.
Treaty: A formal, written agreement between two or more countries.
Responsible: A government is accountable or responsible to its citizens.

✍️ Comprehensive Practice

Hệ thống bài tập tự động chấm điểm. Hoàn thành toàn bộ các ô trống trước khi nộp bài.

Exercise 7.1: Core Definitions

Vocabulary Matching

Provide the exact political term from the lesson that matches each definition.

1. The basic physical systems of a country (roads, bridges, etc.):

2. The act of making laws, or the laws themselves:

3. To distribute money or resources for a specific purpose:

4. A system of government where citizens vote for their leaders:

5. The skill of managing peaceful international relations:

6. A formal, legally binding agreement between countries:

Exercise 7.2: Contextual Gap Fill

Sentence Completion

Complete the sentences using the most appropriate word from the theory sections.

1. It is the responsibility of the state to provide a strong system to help citizens who lose their jobs.

2. The president promised to (put into action) new policies to protect the environment.

3. Every four years, the citizens go to the polls to (vote for) a new leader.

4. In order to pay for the new hospitals, the government had to increase .

5. The city council decided to (legally forbid) smoking in all public parks.

Exercise 7.3: Word Forms & Synonyms

Lexical Logic

Provide the requested word form or synonym based on the lesson.

1. Noun form of the verb elect:

2. Synonym of ban:

3. Person noun form of politics (someone who works in politics):

4. Noun form of the verb implement:

5. Synonym of distribute (especially regarding funds):

Exercise 7.4: Government Collocations

Word Combinations

Fill in the missing verb to complete these essential academic collocations.

1. The prime minister decided to new strict regulations on foreign imports. (Hint: starts with 'i', means to put in place forcefully)

2. The government must more funds to the public healthcare system.

3. After the scandal, the minister was forced to from his position. (Hint: to quit)

4. To protect citizens, lawmakers often new legislation regarding road safety. (Hint: to create/pass a law)

Exercise 7.5: IELTS Writing Task 2 Integration

Reading Context

Read the essay paragraph about government responsibilities and fill in the blanks.

A fundamental role of any modern (1) (system of voting) is to ensure the well-being of its population. To achieve this, leaders must efficiently (2) (distribute) the money collected through (3) towards essential public services. For instance, maintaining and upgrading physical (4) like roads and schools is crucial. Furthermore, the state has a duty to (5) (put into action) effective (6) (laws collectively) that protects the environment, even if it means having to (7) (forbid) the use of certain profitable but harmful chemicals.